Effects of Different Exercise Modalities on the Physical and Mental Development of Obese Children
Kata Kunci:
Obese children, Exercise modality, Physical and mental development, Mental health, Exercise interventionAbstrak
This study examined the differentiated effects of aerobic exercise, strength training, and combined exercise on the physical and mental development of obese children aged 8-12 years. Sixty children with simple obesity were randomly assigned to aerobic exercise, strength training, combined exercise, and control groups for an 8-week intervention. Body composition, physical fitness, mental health, and social adaptability were assessed before and after the intervention. Aerobic exercise significantly reduced body weight, BMI, and subcutaneous fat and improved cardiorespiratory endurance (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05). Strength training significantly increased basal metabolic rate and muscular strength (p < 0.05). Combined exercise produced the most comprehensive benefits, especially in reducing anxiety and depression and improving self-confidence, interpersonal communication, and teamwork (p < 0.05). No significant changes were observed in the control group (p > 0.05). The three exercise modalities showed distinct advantages. Combined exercise supported coordinated development in physical fitness, mental health, and social adaptation. Individualized programs based on combined training are recommended for obese school-aged children
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